Qatari society has long been familiar with traditional medicine, just like other Arab communities and those of neighboring regions. The practice of folk medicine has been passed down through generations, with Qataris inheriting or acquiring knowledge of it. These practices varied according to the environmental factors, types of diseases affecting the community, and the prevailing cultural heritage. The range of treatments and preventative measures included medicinal herbs, plants, and waters used to treat wounds and skin diseases. The diversity of illnesses and treatment methods led to specialization among practitioners.

Despite the prevalence of modern medicine, many traditional medical practices continue to thrive in Qatari society, due to the long historical trust in their effectiveness and the inability of modern medicine to produce tangible results in some chronic conditions like rheumatism, respiratory diseases, digestive issues, and diabetes.

Some of the medical specialties found in Qatari society include:
1. Herbal Medicine
2. Cauterization (Al-Ki)
3. Cupping Therapy (Hijama)
4. Setting Broken Bones (Al-Mujabber)
5. Circumcision
6. Religious Healer (Al-Mutawaa)
7. Midwife (Qabbalah)
8. Spiritual Healer (Al-Massadah)
9. Pediatric Care (Al-Matbah) for children